What Globalization Now Means for Your Business Executives can no longer base their strategies on the assumption that globalization will continue to advance steadily. But how should they respond to the growing pressures against globalization? And what can businesses do to control their destinies in these times of uncertainty? In The New Global Road Map, Pankaj Ghemawat separates fact from fiction by giving readers a better understanding of the key trends affecting global business. He also explains how globalization levels around the world are changing, and where they are likely to go in the future. Using the most up-to-date data and analysis, Ghemawat dispels today's most dangerous myths and provides a clear view of the most critical issues facing policy makers in the years ahead. Building on this analysis, with examples from a diverse set of companies across industries and geographies, Ghemawat provides actionable frameworks and tools to help executives revise their strategies, restructure their global footprints, realign their organizations, and rethink how they work with local governments and institutions. In our era of rising nationalism and increased skepticism about globalization's benefits, The New Global Road Map delivers the definitive guide on how to compete profitably across borders.

The Laws of Globalization and Business Applications employs a variety of empirical methodologies to establish two broad regularities that apply to international activity at the firm, industry, and country levels - the law of semiglobalization and the law of distance - and explores some of their implications for business. Part I presents evidence in support of the law of semiglobalization at the country and the business levels historically and up to the present. Part II performs an analogous function regarding the second law of globalization, showing that the gravity models that international economists have used to analyze merchandise trade between countries also apply to other types of international interactions - and at the industry and firm levels as well. Part III applies these laws to various challenges and opportunities that distance along various dimensions presents to multinational firms. A free online appendix provides additional data, analysis, and documentation to support research applications.

New Tools for Succeeding Globally Why do so many global strategies fail--despite companies' powerful brands and other border-crossing advantages? Because a one-size-fits-all strategy no longer stands a chance. When firms believe in the illusions of a "flat" world and the death of distance, they charge across borders as if the globe were one seamless marketplace. But cross-border differences are larger than we assume. Most economic activity--including trade, real and financial investment, tourism, and communication--happens locally, not internationally. In this "semiglobalized" approach, companies can cross borders more profitably by basing their strategies on the geopolitical differences that matter; they must identify the barriers their strategies will have to overcome, and they must build bridges to cross those barriers. Based on rigorous research, Pankaj Ghemawat shows how to create successful strategies and provides practical management tools so you can: Assess the cultural, administrative, geographic, and economic differences between regions at the industry level--and decide which ones require attention Track the implications of the specific border-crossing actions that will impact your company's ability to create value the most Generate superior performance through strategies that are optimized for the three A's: adaptation (adjusting to differences), aggregation (overcoming differences), and arbitrage (exploiting differences) Using in-depth examples, Ghemawat reveals how companies such as Cemex, Toyota, Procter & Gamble, Tata Consultancy Services, IBM, and GE Healthcare are adroitly managing cross-border differences. He also shares examples of other well-known companies that have failed at this challenge. Crucial for any business competing across borders, Redefining Global Strategy will help you make the most of our semiglobalized world.

Everyday, more and more companies embark on international business. Through a collection of articles by leading scholars in International Business this book answers fundamental questions such as: How do companies create value through global strategy? What are the sources of value creation? How do companies organize themselves and manage the process of international expansion? How does location specificity matter in this process? "Creating Value through Global Strategy" will be of interest to academics and professionals in international business and management.

Everyday, more and more companies embark on international business. Through a collection of articles by leading scholars in International Business this book answers fundamental questions such as: How do companies create value through global strategy? What are the sources of value creation? How do companies organize themselves and manage the process of international expansion? How does location specificity matter in this process? Creating Value through International Strategy will be of interest to academics and professionals in international business and management.

Game theory has come to dominate industrial organization economics, but business strategists continue to debate its usefulness. So far, empirical work on the application of game theory to business strategy has been too limited to force a consensus. As a (partial) remedy, Games Businesses Play uses detailed case studies of competitive interaction to explore the uses and limits of game theory as a tool for business strategists.Because they are analytical rather than descriptive, the case studies are not typical teaching cases. The cases are paired with customized game-theoretic models that cover a wide range of commitment decisions, from short-run commitments such as price to longer-run commitments such as capacity expansion and reduction, product and process innovation, and battles for market share. A variety of quantitative and qualitative techniques are used to test the models' predictions on case data. In addition the book sheds light on a number of other issues important to strategic management, including the resource-based view of the firm and the emergent theory of dynamic capabilities.

Why do so many global strategies fail--despite companies' powerful brands and other border-crossing advantages? Seduced by market size, the illusion of a borderless, "flat" world, and the allure of similarities, firms launch one-size-fits-all strategies. But cross-border differences are larger than we often assume, explains Pankaj Ghemawat in Redefining Global Strategy. Most economic activity--including direct investment, tourism, and communication--happens locally, not internationally. In this "semiglobalized" world, one-size-fits-all strategies don't stand a chance. Companies must instead reckon with cross-border differences. Ghemawat shows you how--by providing tools for: * Assessing the cultural, administrative, geographic, and economic differences between countries at the industry level and deciding which ones merit attention. * Tracking the implications of particular border-crossing moves for your company's ability to create value. * Creating superior performance with strategies optimized for adaptation (adjusting to differences), aggregation (overcoming differences), and arbitrage (exploiting differences), and for compound objectives. In-depth examples reveal how companies such as Cemex, Toyota, Procter & Gamble, Tata Consultancy Services, IBM, and GE Healthcare have adroitly managed cross-border differences--as well as how other well-known companies have failed at this challenge. Crucial for any business competing across borders, this book will transform the way you approach global strategy.

The Laws of Globalization and Business Applications employs a variety of empirical methodologies to establish two broad regularities that apply to international activity at the firm, industry, and country levels - the law of semiglobalization and the law of distance - and explores some of their implications for business. Part I presents evidence in support of the law of semiglobalization at the country and the business levels historically and up to the present. Part II performs an analogous function regarding the second law of globalization, showing that the gravity models that international economists have used to analyze merchandise trade between countries also apply to other types of international interactions - and at the industry and firm levels as well. Part III applies these laws to various challenges and opportunities that distance along various dimensions presents to multinational firms. A free online appendix provides additional data, analysis, and documentation to support research applications.